Why the same ratio has different values

Two sites publish two figures for one company's debt-to-equity and neither states its definition. Both are usually correct. The word “debt” names several different lines on a balance sheet, and which one a publisher picked changes the answer by more than the answer itself is worth.

Each page below computes every published definition from the same filed statements of the same fiscal year, names the line items each one reads, and states which definition our own product prints. No other publisher's figure is quoted, and no claim is made that any of them is wrong. They measure different things, and these pages say which.

Debt to equity

5 published definitions: long-term debt to equity; borrowings to equity; total debt to equity; total debt to total equity including minority interests; total liabilities to equity.

Return on equity

3 published definitions: net income over closing equity; net income over average equity; net income over total equity including minority interests.

20 pages. A company whose filings do not carry enough of the named lines to show a real disagreement produces no page. Research, not advice.